The old world of tech is dying and the new cannot be born

The old world of tech is dying and the new cannot be born

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The old world of tech is dying and the new cannot be born

14 May 2026 – Baldur<br>Bjarnason

When I was living in the UK, one of the more common responses people had to me being Icelandic – beyond the strangely common “I hate Björk” refrain – was some comment about Vikings or Norse mythology.

I’m guessing my name helped prompt those. We all have very traditional Icelandic names in my family.

If the comment caught me at the wrong time, I’d occasionally reply in my usual literal-minded way:

The Vikings were coastal raiders and Iceland is an island in the middle of bloody nowhere. Once Iceland was settled in 930, we were mostly a nation of farmers and substantially Celtic. We were probably the least ‘Viking’ of all the Nordic countries. Besides, we converted to Christianity in the year 1000, so we were only pagan for a few decades at most. The Icelandic Sagas are a bit like cowboy movies in that they’re the events of a few short years spun into a nation-building mythology that’s well out of proportion to their historical impact.

The idea of us being a “Viking nation” has a strong hold on people’s imagination. But we’ve been a Christian culture for a thousand years. Longer if you account for the few settlers like my ancestor Auður Djúpúðga who were Christian a century before the rest of the nation converted.

One of the pitfalls of growing up in a Christian culture, one that sticks with you even when, like me, you’ve been an atheist most of your life, is a tendency towards knee-jerk millenarianist thinking.

“This changes everything!”

No matter the flavour of Christianity, a core idea baked into every aspect of the religion is that singular revelatory events can fundamentally change the world. There’s the “before”. Then the “event”. Then an “after” that has been completely transformed. In Christianity itself this is usually associated with Christ’s chaotic transit schedule – “He is here! He has left! He is about to arrive again! Now he’s leaving again! But he’s also somehow always been here! And not.” – but the mode of thinking is common throughout literature, philosophy, and storytelling in the Christian west.

When we tell our stories and spout our opinions, we are very prone to statements along the lines of “this changes everything!”.

However, when you study comparative literature you quickly discover that cultures dominated by other religions tend not to have this tendency, at least not to the same extent.

This colours academic thinking as well. Thomas Kuhn’s paradigm shift, for example, on the face of it frames scientific progress as a series of singular revelatory events that each change an entire field of study in almost one go. But if you dig into the text itself, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, the process it describes is one where the worldviews of scientists and academics change one by one, where many simply never adopt the new worldview – the one that more cohesively explains what they’ve been observing – and instead stick to preexisting models. Even the most sudden and dramatic paradigm shifts are processes of epistemic diffusion where the old and new models of truth coexist and interact. All of which is to say that Kuhn’s ideas lend themselves to a pluralistic interpretation provided you actually dig into the text itself, and it means that, if you squint, you could make the ideas work with theories of epistemic anarchism such as that of Paul Feyerabend.

Kuhn’s paradigm shift is less a revelation and more a cycle where the new contains elements of the old and the old attains elements of the new.

From an individual perspective, switching your worldview or mental model on a problem or topic can feel revelatory. “This changes everything!” But the world hasn’t changed. All that changed is how you understand it.

I say all this because I don’t want people to fall into the pitfall of expecting revolution. But I do want you to be open to the idea that events can change, transform even, our understanding of how things work.

There have been a few moments in my life where singular events changed my worldview without truly changing any of the facts I knew.

They simply triggered a new thought: “Oh, this explains what’s been happening.”

The simultaneous realisation that the core argument of my PhD thesis was simply incorrect but that it would also pass easily because I knew the people who were likely to judge it – the theory would play to their biases. I had the choice of continuing to work on what was incorrect and get a PhD or to deliver what I believed to be true and almost certainly not finish the PhD. I still don’t know if I made the right choice. I’m certainly not proud of it.

Walking through the ASDA superstore in Bristol and seeing it for the monument to destruction that it is. Civilisation-scale existential decay as aisles and aisles of...