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Richard Halsey Best

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United States Naval Aviator

Richard Halsey Best<br>NicknameDickBorn(1910-03-24)March 24, 1910<br>Bayonne, New Jersey, US<br>DiedOctober 28, 2001(2001-10-28) (aged 91)<br>Santa Monica, California, US<br>BuriedArlington National Cemetery<br>AllegianceUnited StatesBranch<br>United States NavyService years<br>1932–1944Rank<br>Lieutenant commanderConflicts<br>World War II<br>Pacific War<br>Battle of Midway

AwardsNavy Cross<br>Distinguished Flying Cross<br>VB-6 pilots in January 1942: Best is seated 3rd from the left.<br>Richard Halsey Best (March 24, 1910 – October 28, 2001) was a dive bomber pilot and squadron commander in the United States Navy during World War II. Stationed on the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise, Best led his dive bomber squadron at the 1942 Battle of Midway, sinking two Japanese aircraft carriers in one day. His lungs were damaged by caustic soda fumes during the fight, leading to his medical retirement several months later.

Early life<br>[edit]

His grandfather Edward Best emigrated to the United States from England in the 1800s, living first in Wisconsin where he mustered into "F" Company of the 13th Wisconsin Infantry during the American Civil War, and later moving to California and then Oregon in his old age. Edward's son Burt Best, born in California in 1878, would later be the father of Richard H. Best. Richard H. Best was born in New Jersey in 1910. Richard married Doris Avis Albro (November 21, 1914 – December 6, 1968) on June 24, 1932, in Washington, D.C., and they divorced on January 24, 1966.

Early career (1928–1941)<br>[edit]

SBD-2s on Enterprise, April, 1942, Hornet in the background<br>Richard H. Best was appointed to the United States Naval Academy (USNA) in 1928, graduating with honors in 1932.[1] His classmates included Bruce McCandless, Henry Munson, and Lloyd Mustin.[2] He served for two years aboard the light cruiser USS Richmond. In 1934 he was transferred to the Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida, as a naval aviation student. He completed his flight training in December 1935. His first assignment was Fighting Squadron Two (VF-2B) aboard the aircraft carrier USS Lexington, flying the Grumman F2F.

In June 1938, Best was given the choice to either join a patrol squadron at Panama or Hawaii, or become a flight instructor at Pensacola; he chose Pensacola, and was assigned to instruct Training Squadron Five. Anticipating what was probably coming, after a year and some months of instructing, Best decided that he could be of most use as a dive bomber pilot. He put in a request for a transfer to the Pacific Fleet in that capacity.

On May 31, 1940, Best received orders to join Bombing Squadron Six (VB-6), which was assigned to the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise. Upon arrival at the squadron's base on land, Naval Air Station North Island, California, on June 10, Best was made flight officer (operations officer) of the squadron, the third-in-command. By early 1942, after the war in the Pacific had begun, he had advanced to executive officer (XO), a standard navy term for second-in-command, under his close friend and USNA classmate, William Hollingsworth, known as "Holly," as commander. Best subsequently became squadron commander in time for the Battle of Midway.[3]

War in the Pacific (1941–1944)<br>[edit]

On December 7, 1941, Best was aboard Enterprise awaiting her return to port when he learned (along with most of VB-6) that several of his squadmates on morning search had flown into the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. That evening, he flew in the first Enterprise strike of the war as one of six SBDs carrying smoke generators. His group was tasked with providing cover for Lieutenant Eugene E. Lindsey's torpedo bombers should they find the Japanese carriers. However, the strike found nothing, and Best's group returned to Enterprise without incident, although he later called the resulting night landing "the worst...of [his] 330 carrier landings."[4]

Best saw his first real combat on February 1, 1942, flying in two strikes against the Marshall Islands. At dawn, he led VB-6's second division as part of a full-scale strike against Japanese shipping off Kwajalein. Before noon, he led eight SBDs from VB-6 and one from VS-6 to attack Taroa Island, Maloelap Atoll, a mission that would cost him one plane.[5] On February 24, 1942, Best took part in the attack of Wake Island by the Enterprise Air Group, and on March 4 Marcus Island was attacked. After these raids Enterprise returned to Pearl Harbor and accompanied USS Hornet during the Doolittle Raid in mid-April. Both carriers then sped to the south, but were too late to take part in the Battle of the Coral Sea. Both carriers and their sister ship USS Yorktown...