[2606.07513] Agentopia: Long-Term Life Simulation and Learning in Agent Societies

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Computer Science > Computation and Language

arXiv:2606.07513 (cs)

[Submitted on 5 Jun 2026]

Title:Agentopia: Long-Term Life Simulation and Learning in Agent Societies

Authors:Xintao Wang, Sirui Zheng, Hongqiu Wu, Weiyuan Li, Jen-tse Huang, Minghao Zhu, Can Zu, Qi Deng, Jiawei Wang, Qianyu He, Heng Wang, Xiaojian Wu, Yunzhe Tao<br>View a PDF of the paper titled Agentopia: Long-Term Life Simulation and Learning in Agent Societies, by Xintao Wang and 12 other authors

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Abstract:Humans learn from social life. Simulating this process with LLM-powered agents represents a promising research direction, raising a natural question: whether LLMs can learn from such simulated social experience to better understand and replicate human behavior. However, prior agent society simulations typically operate at the scale of days, limiting the depth of social interactions and long-term growth. In this paper, we study long-term life simulation and LLM learning in agent societies, with two goals: (1) investigating social behaviors that emerge from life-long simulation, and (2) developing anthropomorphic capabilities in LLMs, particularly intelligence in social life, through years of simulated social experience. Specifically, we present Agentopia, a comprehensive framework for long-term life simulation in multi-agent societies, where 100 agents autonomously pursue personal growth, develop social relationships, and fulfill their needs and goals over 10 simulated years. We define life reward to mirror human well-being, and leverage this reward to train LLMs via rejection sampling. Extensive experiments show that agents exhibit rich emergent social behaviors. Furthermore, life reward training effectively enhances the underlying LLM, which leads to improved agent well-being in simulation, and generalizes to downstream role-playing benchmarks with +15.6% improvement.

Comments:<br>79 pages, 19 figures

Subjects:

Computation and Language (cs.CL)

Cite as:<br>arXiv:2606.07513 [cs.CL]

(or<br>arXiv:2606.07513v1 [cs.CL] for this version)

https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.07513

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arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

Submission history<br>From: Xintao Wang [view email]<br>[v1]<br>Fri, 5 Jun 2026 17:59:31 UTC (26,508 KB)

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