East Asia Parliament Members Archive<br>EN

East Asia Insights: Comprehensive Japan & South Korea Parliament Database

JAPAN

House of Representatives<br>SHUGIIN<br>Explore the archives of Japanese House of Representatives members, including districts, parties, and election counts.<br>ENTER ARCHIVE→

JAPAN

House of Councillors<br>SANGIIN<br>Review archives of Japanese House of Councillors members, supporting filters for single-member and proportional representation districts.<br>ENTER ARCHIVE→

SOUTH KOREA

National Assembly<br>NATIONAL ASSEMBLY<br>Comprehensive view of the 22nd South Korean National Assembly members, including local constituency and proportional representation archives.<br>ENTER ARCHIVE→

Japan’s House of Representatives: Diet Members as the Supreme Organ of State Power<br>History and Electoral System<br>Roles and Terms<br>Legislation and Oversight<br>Japan's House of Representatives is the lower house of Japan's bicameral parliament, composed of Diet Members who are the representatives of the people. Since its establishment under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan in 1890, it has functioned as the core of Japanese democracy. Members of the House of Representatives are elected through a combination of a single-member district system (289 seats) and a proportional representation system (176 seats) in order to quickly and accurately reflect the diverse voices of the people in national politics, and a total of 465 members are active in the House of Representatives.<br>The term of office for members of the House of Representatives is set at four years, but if the Prime Minister disbands the House of Representatives, they will lose their qualifications as Diet Members before their term expires, and a general election will be held immediately. Due to this dissolution system, the House of Representatives is positioned as an institution that dynamically reflects the latest will of the people. The right to vote is given to all Japanese citizens over the age of 18, and the right to be elected as a Diet Member is limited to those over the age of 25.<br>Additionally, the House of Representatives has strong authority over the House of Councillors, which is known as ``Supremacy of the House of Representatives.'' For example, the Diet Members of the House of Representatives hold the most important authority to determine Japan's future, including the right to vote first on the national budget, the right to vote of no confidence in the cabinet, the approval of treaties, and the right to repass a bill by two-thirds or more when there is disagreement between both houses. Furthermore, the resolution of the House of Representatives takes precedence in the nomination of the Prime Minister. This archive provides detailed data, career history, and party affiliation information for all 465 Diet Members of the House of Representatives, providing highly transparent information to voters.

Current Composition (Total: 465)

Liberal Democratic Party

316

Centrist Reform Coalition

49

Japan Innovation Party

36

Democratic Party for the People

28

Sanseito

15

Team Mirai

11

Independent

Japanese Communist Party

Genzei Nippon / Yukoku Rengo

Reiwa Shinsengumi

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Japan’s House of Councillors: Diet Members Functioning as the ‘House of Prudence’<br>The House of Councillors is the upper house of Japan's Diet. In Japan's post-war constitution, the House of Prudence was established to replace the pre-war House of Peers, to curb the excesses of the House of Representatives, and to consider national politics from a multifaceted perspective from a long-term perspective. The term of office for Diet Members of the House of Councillors is six years, and half of the Diet Members are re-elected every three years (half-reelection). This prevents sudden changes in the composition of the entire parliament in a single election.<br>The biggest feature is that there is no ``dissolution'' like in the House of Representatives. Therefore, Diet Members of the House of Councillors are less susceptible to short-term populism and election waves, and are able to more stably tackle medium- to long-term national policy issues (social security, foreign affairs, educational reform, regional revitalization, etc.). The right to stand for election is set at a higher age than that for the House of Representatives, and the person must be 30 years of age or older.<br>The House of Councillors is composed of a total of 248 members selected from proportional representation representing the whole country (96 seats) and prefectural constituencies (152 seats). In particular, proportional representation uses a non-binding list system (voting by individual candidate's name) and has the aspect of occupational representation, bringing together people with diverse expertise and voices in the field, such as medicine, education, legal professions, and labor unions, as Diet Members. This site provides detailed profiles and the latest activity status of all 248 members of...