Sperm concentration remains stable among fertile American men: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
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Abstract
Importance:
Findings from several high profile meta-analyses have raised concerns about an ongoing global decline in sperm concentration and male fertility. However, these studies exhibit considerable heterogeneity in key variables including study population, methodology, fertility status, and geographic region.
Objective:
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring temporal trends in sperm concentration among fertile men and men unselected for fertility status in the United States.
Data sources:
A literature search performed in Scopus and PubMed databases for studies published between 1970 and 2023. Additional studies were included from citations of prior global meta-analyses and reviews evaluating temporal trends in sperm count.
Study selection and synthesis:
Studies were included if they presented original data on sperm concentration in US men without known infertility from 1970 to 2023. Aggregate data were assessed across all study populations, with additional subgroup analyses stratified by fertility status and US region.
Main outcomes:
Weighted generalized linear models were generated to evaluate the association between mean sperm concentration and sample...