The "Domino Effect": Functional Decline and Increased Social Care Requirements Following a Fall - PubMed
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Abstract
Objectives:
Falls represent an important inflection point in later life, increasing the risk of future adverse outcomes. This study aims to examine the association between an index fall, that is, a fall in a participant with no recent history of falls, and subsequent change in functional status, requirements for social care, and falls-related health care utilization.
Design:
Longitudinal analysis of population-representative data.
Setting and participants:
Participants (n = 2454) aged ≥65 years from waves 1 to 3 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging.
Methods:
Index falls were those reported at wave 2 in participants with no falls reported at wave 1. Falls/fractures, functional status (activities of daily living), and social care (home care, home help, and meals on wheels) were assessed by self-report. Regression models assessed the independent relationship between index falls and outcomes of interest.
Results:
Twenty percent of participants (n = 493) reported an index fall. In participants who were functionally independent at baseline, an index fall was associated with functional impairment at 2-year follow-up (odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% CI, 1.19-2.47; P = .004). Almost 12%...