How the Atmos Clock Functions

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The Atmos clock - Atmos Atelier

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What makes the Atmos unique

How the Atmos clock functions

The ATMOS from Jae­ger-LeCoult­re is a uni­que mecha­ni­cal clock. This pen­dulum clock has been available for purcha­se sin­ce the ear­ly 1930s and is still sold today—almost iden­ti­cal in construction—by JLC.

The ATMOS clock uses the smal­lest tem­pe­ra­tu­re fluc­tua­tions to con­ti­nuous­ly gene­ra­te ener­gy and main­tain a power reserve.

Behind the extre­me­ly smooth-run­ning move­ment is a her­me­ti­cal­ly sea­led pres­su­re can fil­led with ethyl chlo­ri­de, which reacts extre­me­ly sen­si­tively to tem­pe­ra­tu­re fluc­tua­tions and thus gene­ra­tes move­ment via a metal bel­lows: if the tem­pe­ra­tu­re rises, the gas in the pres­su­re can expands and vice ver­sa. This pres­su­re dif­fe­rence dri­ves a mecha­nism that in turn winds the clock. A tem­pe­ra­tu­re chan­ge of just one degree can gene­ra­te enough ener­gy to keep the clock going for two days. The clock the­r­e­fo­re does not need to be wound by hand and will run almost inde­fi­ni­te­ly as long as it is expo­sed to the natu­ral fluc­tua­tions of the ambi­ent temperature.

Jae­ger-LeCoul­tre’s ATMOS is not only a tech­ni­cal jewel, but also an aes­the­tic one. It com­bi­nes tra­di­tio­nal craft­sman­ship and inno­va­ti­ve tech­no­lo­gy to crea­te a tim­epie­ce that mea­su­res time natu­ral­ly and delights clock lovers around the world.

https://atmos-atelier.de/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Atmos-Atelier_Demonstrator.mp4

Model series at a glance

Histo­ry of the Atmos clock

The fol­lo­wing is an over­view of the evo­lu­ti­on of the Atmos clock. Sin­ce its inven­ti­on in 1928, the legen­da­ry Atmos clock from Jae­ger-LeCoult­re has been rede­si­gned again and again. Its spe­cial fea­ture: an almost “eter­nal move­ment“ that is powered by the breath of the world. It has always been a dream of watch­ma­king to con­s­truct a clock that requi­res no exter­nal forces to run—a per­pe­tu­al moti­on machi­ne, so to speak. The trick: a her­me­ti­cal­ly sea­led capsule—the so-cal­led pres­su­re box—reacts to tem­pe­ra­tu­re fluc­tua­tions and thus winds the watch—without human inter­ven­ti­on. The very deli­ca­te move­ment, which is desi­gned to be extre­me­ly effi­ci­ent, can thus run for many deca­des. A tem­pe­ra­tu­re fluc­tua­ti­on of just one degree Cel­si­us is enough to keep the watch run­ning for 48 hours. A mas­ter­pie­ce of engi­nee­ring! In the fol­lo­wing, we will try to take up the histo­ry of the models and go into the tech­ni­cal dif­fe­ren­ces as well as the aes­the­ti­cal­ly tim­e­l­ess com­bi­na­ti­on of clas­sic and modern. I hope you enjoy get­ting to know and explo­ring the dif­fe­rent cali­bers and variations…

1929–1932

1929–1932

The Reut­ter Clock<br>Atmos I

In 1930 the pro­duc­tion of the first Reut­ter wat­ches star­ted, the forerun­ners of the Atmos watch. The­re were about 24 dif­fe­rent models from 1932–34, the first Reut­ter wat­ches were still equip­ped with the “Clu­ses“ movement—with only 4 rubies, the rest of the pivots were steel. From 1932/33 on, a new move­ment cali­ber 30′‘A was used, equip­ped with 15 rubies. Howe­ver, the main dif­fe­rence from the later Atmos watch was main­ly the mer­cu­ry-based motor, which trans­mit­ted the tem­pe­ra­tu­re fluc­tua­tions of the atmo­sphe­re to the main­spring bar­rel. From 1936, deve­lo­p­ment began on a new motor prin­ci­ple, as the dan­gers of mer­cu­ry beca­me known and the motor con­s­truct was very fra­gi­le, the­r­e­fo­re dif­fi­cult to transport.

1939–1950

1939–1950

ATMOS II

The first “real“ Atmos clock, powered by a gas-fil­led metal bel­low, was deve­lo­ped in 1935–38. The move­ment was fur­ther deve­lo­ped and a new case with glass discs was desi­gned. The typi­cal design, which remain­ed until the ear­ly 1990s, was crea­ted. Over the years, the­re were minor chan­ges to the design, such as the adjus­t­ment knob which points back­wards to the pres­su­re box, or for­wards, towards the dial. The pla­te shows the Gen­e­va finish, which is still com­mon today. The Atmos II was sold from 1939 on and went into seri­al pro­duc­tion for the first time. The myth of the per­pe­tu­al moti­on machi­ne was created.

1948–1955

1948–1955

Cali­ber 519<br>ATMOS III

With the cali­ber 519, fur­ther minor chan­ges were made. The fine adjus­t­ment was revi­sed and pla­ced cen­tral­ly at the front over the dial, the pla­te width is redu­ced and the con­s­truc­tion of the case is some­what simplified—overall, the watch beco­mes more sui­ta­ble for mass pro­duc­tion. The move­ment remains most­ly unch­an­ged. The num­ber of wat­ches pro­du­ced increased from 2,000 in 1948 to 10,000 by 1951.

1953–1966

1953–1966

Cali­ber 522 and 532<br>Spe­cial series ATMOS IV

The cali­ber 522 and 532 were spe­cial models that were pro­du­ced only brief­ly and are con­side­red inter­me­dia­te models. Today, the cali­ber 522 is often cal­led “Tuxe­do“ becau­se of the pro­mi­nent front...

atmos clock ment from move cali

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