Helios: Decentralized Autonomous Collision Avoidance for Megaconstellations

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HELIOS

HELIOS decentralized protocol

HELIOS: Decentralized Autonomous Collision Avoidance for Megaconstellations

Executive Summary: A high-performance simulation and decision architecture demonstrating O(N) spatial hashing and deterministic peer-to-peer deconfliction for 60,000+ LEO satellites, executing real-time trajectory integration with zero ground-station latency dependency.

The Core Engineering Challenge<br>As LEO constellations scale past 40,000+ assets, traditional orbital management hits critical hardware and software walls:

The O(N^2) Bottleneck: Naive all-pair distance checks paralyze computational pipelines as object density increases.

Ground-Loop Latency: Relying on ground stations for conjunction assessment and maneuver uploads introduces unacceptable communication delays and single points of failure.

On-Board Resource Limits: Flight computers require hyper-efficient spatial indexing to execute collision avoidance safely within tight power and thermal budgets.

The HELIOS Architectural Solution

Spatial Hashing (O(N) Complexity): Discretizes the orbital shell into localized grid cells (CELL_SIZE = 1.0 km), restricting collision checks strictly to intra-cell and immediate neighboring cells.

Decentralized Deterministic Priority: Eliminates multi-satellite negotiation overhead. By utilizing lightweight cryptographic hashing of satellite IDs (deterministic_priority), nodes independently and deterministically agree on winner/loser states for localized maneuvers.

Vectorized Execution Model: Built on high-performance matrix operations, proving massive computational headroom for real-time edge processing.

Verified Performance Benchmark<br>Empirically tested parameters and performance metrics:

Metric<br>Value<br>Technical Implication

Active Constellation (N)<br>60,000 satellites<br>Fully validates scaling beyond current operational megaconstellations

| Simulation Horizon | 100 steps (\Delta t = 1.0\text{ s}) | Stable, long-horizon trajectory integration |

| Total Execution Time | ~60 seconds | High throughput in dynamic interpreted environments; extreme optimization headroom in compiled Rust/C++ |

| Peak Memory Footprint |<br>Value Proposition for Starlink / GN&C Teams

Autonomous Edge Processing: Shifts conjunction assessment and avoidance execution directly to the satellite nodes, ensuring total survivability during communication blackouts.

Deterministic Safety Guarantees: Zero ambiguity during close approaches; satellites resolve trajectory conflicts instantly via immutable local identifiers without ground-in-the-loop intervention.

Proven Scalability: Demonstrates mathematically and empirically that scaling to hundreds of thousands of objects does not trigger exponential compute costs.

COLAB link:

https://colab.research.google.com/drive/17gTTf9Py_ixBQdhK3wcw7okoRFcQ-IJn?usp=sharing

About<br>HELIOS decentralized protocol<br>Resources<br>Readme<br>MIT license<br>Activity<br>Stars<br>0 stars<br>Watchers<br>0 watching<br>Forks<br>0 forks<br>Report repository

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