Ceramic water filter — Low-tech Lab
Ceramic water filter
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Cette page est une version traduite de la page Filtre à eau céramique et la traduction est complétée à 94 %. Participer à la traduction
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Tutorial de Low-Tech Lab | Catégories : Eau, Santé
Low-Tech Lab
https://wiki.lowtechlab.org/wiki/Filtre_%C3%A0_eau_c%C3%A9ramique/en
Dernière modification le 13/03/2023
Difficulté
Hard Difficile
Durée
3 day(s) jour(s)
Coût<br>20 EUR (€)
Description
A ceramic water filter is a system for purifying unsanitary water. This tutorial aims to show how a ceramic water filter works and how to build one on a semi-industrial scale.
A ceramic water filter is a system for purifying unsanitary water. This tutorial aims to show how a ceramic water filter works and how to build one on a semi-industrial scale.
Difficulté
Hard Difficile
Durée
3 day(s) jour(s)
Coût<br>20 EUR (€)
Autres langues :<br>English • español • français • português • العربية • 中文
Sommaire
Sommaire
1 Description
2 Sommaire
3 Introduction
3.1 Qu'est-ce qu'un filtre à eau céramique ?
3.2 Comment élimine-t-il la contamination ?
3.3 Historique
4 Video d'introduction
5 Étape 1 - Step 1 – how it works - role of the different materials
6 Étape 2 - Step 2 – how it works - Efficacy
7 Étape 3 - Step 3 - Production - Summary of steps
8 Étape 4 - Step 4 – Production - Preparation of raw materials
9 Étape 5 - Step 5 – Production - Mixing of raw materials
10 Étape 6 - Step 6 - Production - Forming clay cubes for the press
11 Étape 7 - Step 7 - Production - Pressing the clay cubes to give them the shape of the filter
12 Étape 8 - Step 8 - Production - Finishing of the surface and marking/numbering each filter
13 Étape 9 - Step 9 - Production - Drying the filters
14 Étape 10 - Step 10 – Production – firing filters in an oven
15 Étape 11 - Step 11 - Production - Flow testing of each filter
16 Étape 12 - Step 12 - Production - Painting with colloidal silver
17 Étape 13 - Step 13 – Production - Packing of filters
18 Étape 14 - Step 14 - Use - Maintenance - Replacement
19 Étape 15 - Step 15 - Case studies
20 Notes et références
21 Commentaires
Licence : Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)
filtre à eau, potabilisation, céramique, ceramic pot filter, eau, filtre, potable, purify, water
Introduction
In 1990, approximately 2.3 billion people do not have access to drinking water in the world (source: UNICEF - UN). Today in 2020, 750,000 people still drink unsanitary water, making it the leading cause of non-age-related death in the world.
Qu'est-ce qu'un filtre à eau céramique ?
Locally produced ceramics have been used to filter water for hundreds of years. The water is poured into a porous ceramic filter pot and is collected in another container after passing through the ceramic pot. This system also allows for safe storage until the water is used. Ceramic filters are usually made from clay mixed with a combustible material like sawdust or rice husks. Sometimes colloidal silver is added to the clay mixture before firing or it is applied to the fired ceramic pot. Colloidal silver is an antibacterial which helps inctivatae pathogens, while preventing the growth of bacteria in the filter itself.
Comment élimine-t-il la contamination ?
Pathogens and suspended elements are removed from water by physical processes such as mechanical entrapment and adsorption. Quality control regarding the size of the combustible materials used in the clay mixture ensures that the pore size of the filter is small enough to prevent contaminants from passing through the filter. Colloidal silver facilitates the treatment by breaking the membrane of the cells of pathogens, causing their death.
Historique
This filter was developed in 1981 by Dr Fernando Mazariegos of the Industrial Research Institute of Central America (ICAITI) in Guatemala. The aim was to make water contaminated with bacteria safe for the poorest by developing an inexpensive filter that could be manufactured at community level. The professor decided to freely bequeath this knowledge to Humanity, and began to train potters around the world to produce these filters locally with the NGO Potters for Peace. There are now 61 factories working with this model in 39 countries around the world!
This tutorial show how the ceramic filter works and outlines the main stages of manufacturing. It is aimed mainly at entrepreneurs rather than at individuals. Don’t try to create this technology at home (you need an oven, you need to test materials, etc.). If you are interested in setting up a small factory like this, you will need more training. The Potters for Peace organization in partnership with CAWST and the company Ecofiltro (which we visited in Guatemala) offer this kind of training. All this knowledge is freely available in...